The Western European and Byzantine Type of Civilization: the Relation to Crime and Punishment

Abstract

The article highlights the issue related to crime and punishment through the prism of Western European and Byzantine mentality. It is proved that the basic civilizational difference between them – the ordering of public life. The main conclusion: «If the representatives of the Byzantine civilization seek freedom outside the scope of the rule of law, the freedom of the West is possible and acceptable only as a conscious voluntary compliance of the law every individual without exception». Anomie is considered as one of the modes of behavior of the individual in society. A term coined in the scientific revolution E. Durkheim, is a state of society where a significant part of the citizens, aware of the existence of moral and social norms and laws that apply to them indifferently or negatively. Analysis of the main types of anomichnogo individual behavior, characterized by each of them. Defined psychological and social consequences of the institutional crisis of modern Ukrainian society.